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Ministry of Education New Zealand
Important

Effective 20 April 2026, the numbering of the curriculum criteria has changed. There have been no changes to the curriculum criteria wording or associated guidance.

Criterion C304#

The practices of adults providing education and care demonstrate an understanding of children’s learning and development, and knowledge of relevant theories and practice in early childhood education.

Curriculum criteria documentation required

Guidance#

Our understanding of children’s learning and development underpins what we do, and why we do it. A range of theories in learning and development support and influence early childhood education. It is important that we understand what influences our teaching practice and can articulate and put into action the knowledge that we have.

The early childhood education knowledge base is constantly being revised and developed. Professional learning helps us to keep up to date with these changes. Participating in professional development opportunities (formal and informal) and reading helps us to continuously build on our understanding. Educators should take opportunities to discuss and debate ideas and theories and identify meaningful ways to put their new knowledge into practice.

Self-review practices also play an integral role in assisting us to explore our understanding of children’s learning and development, and identify what we do not know and need to learn more about.